| |
 Plywood
| Paper | Shoes | Rubber Vulcanization Accelerator
Plywood
 Features
| |
Plywood is a board of thin veneers of
timber that are put together in odd number of layers
in orthogonal direction of fibers while bonding together.
It has advanced physical and mechanical properties as
follows
A wide board can be obtained.
High quality thin timber boards are used to ensure the
efficient use of timbers.
The defects of timber such as nodes and holes can be
removed or dispersed.
Veneers are laid in many layers in orthogonal direction
and bonded, thus to
maintain
the quality of timber evenly across a sheet of plywood.
Penetration of resin and chemicals are ensured. |
Applications
| |
1. Construction and civil works
With its excellent adhesiveness, water resistance
and durability, the plywood is used as
the ceiling and
interior boards, prefabricated house, concrete form,
or door frame.
2. Furniture
With a moderate durability and water resistance
in the normal air and moisture
conditions, it is used
for manufacturing high grade furniture, desk, kitchen
table, chair
and cabinet.
3. Automobile and shipbuilding
With durability, water resistance, and fire resistance,
it is used for treatment of interior of
cabin, automobile
and aircraft.
4. Musical instrument
With durability and water resistance, it is also used
for making organ, piano, guitar,
drum and other musical
instruments. |
Paper
Features
| |
Board of plant fibers that are cut off
and pounded in the water so that the hairs in the surface
of the fibers are raised to strengthen the bondability
between the fibers and then dried to recover the elasticity
of the fibers. |
Functions
/ 6W
| |
Write
: to work
Wrap : to wrap
Wipe and Waste : to
wipe and waste
Wear : to wear as
a disposable wear
Work : to work as
a paper for a machine such as facsimile and printer
Will : to express
will and sense in the form of photograph and picture |
Invention
| |
It is commonly acknowledged that paper
was first made in 105 AD by Chailoon in Sianshi Province
of China. There are no other arguments about the inventor,
however, some scholars are insisting that the time of
the invention would be much earlier |
Materials
of paper
| |
Fibers extracted from timbers have traditionally
used to make paper, however, with the growing interest
in the environmental matters, recycled pulp from the
waste paper is increasingly used. |
Shoes
Ways
for drying shoes
| |
It is recommended
that all shoes be dried naturally in the normal indoor
temperature.
In order to maintain the
shape of shoes, a bundle of papers can be put inside
the
shoes or shoes shall be hung from the wood hanger.
Do not dry shoes hurriedly
using heat sources, such as radiator, rotary type drier,
direct
fire, or blow drier. |
Ways
for cleaning and treatment
| |
Caution
: All shoes shall be cleaned and dried before treating
with stain remover such as wax and cream. When using
such stain remover, user instruction shall be carefully
followed.
Treatment of leather
materials
- Clean the leather with wet cloth using tepid water
and soft detergent.
- Do not use washing machine.
- Do not use a bleaching agent.
- When it is dried, apply shoes cream or wax evenly.
When dressing, a match shall be made with neutral
shoe cream in mild color (or that for natural leather)
Treatment of suede
and nubuck materials
- After being dried, dusts shall be removed with suede
brush.
- Do not use water in order not to create stains on
the surface that are not removable. Oily stains can
be removed with stain remover for nubuck.
Treatment of synthetic
fiber materials
- Refer to the methods of treatment of leather or
nubuck materials depending upon the materials used.
Treatment of canvas
and fabric
- Scratch the leather with wet cloth using tepid water
and soft detergent.
- Do not use washing machine.
- Do not use a bleaching agent.
- Stains can be removed with stain remover for canvas
and fabric.
|
 |
 |
Rubber vulcanization accelerator
Vulcanization
| |
Vulcanization
refers to a process for raw rubber gum to transfer to
the state where to represent a degree of elasticity
of the elastic gum in varied temperature conditions
through alterations in chemical composition.
By heating the raw rubber
gum after adding sulfur or other vulcanizing agent,
molecules of the rubber are consolidated with other
so that the back formation is reduced in varied temperature
conditions while increasing elasticity and tensile force
so as to reduce the swelling by solvent.
It is a process to extract
a needed elastomer by transferring the unneeded elastic
agents (crude rubber) to plastic agent with heat and
appropriate chemical agents. |
Three elements of vulcanization
| |
1. Vulcanizing agent
2. Accelerator
3. Zinc oxide
-If only sulfur or zinc oxide is used, the vulcanization
temperature shall be high and it takes longer time.
That's what vulcanizing agents are for. The use of small
amount of the agents is effective to obtain the high
quality physical property of the required elastomer
in a relatively short time. |
Classification
of accelerators
| |
Classification criteria : Varied depending on
chemical composition /
effectiveness of accelerators / shape of accelerating
curves / acid or salt elements.
Classification depending
on the effectiveness of accelerators
(in the order to speediness of the vulcanization)
SUPER ULTRA ACCELERATOR : EZ
ULTRA ACCELERATOR : TT
SEMI ULTRA ACCELERATOR : M,
DM, CZ, MZ
MEDIUM ACCELERATOR : D
WEAK ACCELERATOR : H |
|
